Battery monitoring for operators of critical infrastructures (KRITIS)

Critical infrastructures (KRITIS) are organizations and facilities that are of great importance to the state community. A failure or impairment of these infrastructures could result in long-term supply bottlenecks, significant disruptions to public safety or other serious consequences.

Critical Infrastructure Sectors

energy
Information technology and telecommunications
Transport and traffic
Health
Media and Culture
Water
Nutrition
Finance and insurance
Municipal waste disposal
State and administration

All organizations in these sectors, regardless of their size, are considered critical infrastructures (KRITIS).

However, the government and administration sectors as well as the media and culture sectors are not subject to regulation by the BSIG.

Regulation of KRITIS sectors by the BSIG

According to Section 2 Paragraph 10 of the Federal Act on Information Security (BSIG), critical infrastructures include facilities, systems or parts thereof that belong to the sectors of energy, information technology and telecommunications, transport and traffic, health, water, food, finance and insurance, and municipal waste disposal. These are protected because of their essential importance for the functioning of the community, as their failure or impairment could result in significant supply bottlenecks or threats to public safety. The specific details of these critical infrastructures are laid down in the legal ordinance pursuant to Section 10 Paragraph 1 BSIG (BSI-Kritisverordnung).

BSI-Kritisverordnung: Definition of critical services and thresholds

The BSI-Kritis Ordinance specifies which facilities, systems or parts thereof are considered critical infrastructures within the meaning of the BSIG due to their importance for supplying the population and thus for the functioning of the community. Classification as KRITIS is based on whether specified threshold values ​​are reached or exceeded. As soon as these threshold values ​​are reached or exceeded, the operators of KRITIS are subject to the statutory reporting and proof obligations of the BSIG.

For plant operators whose facilities do not reach the threshold values ​​of the BSI-Kritis Ordinance, participation in UP KRITIS is nevertheless recommended.

Critical infrastructures (KRITIS) encompass a wide range of sectors that are essential for maintaining essential functions and services within a governmental community. These sectors include energy, information technology and telecommunications, transport and traffic, and health, all of which play a central role in the daily supply and security of the population. Equally important are media and culture, which not only represent the transfer of information, but also the cultural identity of a society.

The water sector guarantees the supply of clean drinking water and proper wastewater disposal, while the nutrition sector ensures food supplies. Finance and insurance ensure the financial stability and security of citizens and businesses, and municipal waste management ensures a healthy and clean environment.

Not to be forgotten is the state and administration sector, which is responsible for maintaining public order and providing public services. Organizations from these sectors, regardless of their size, are an integral part of critical infrastructures. Their functionality is crucial in order to prevent widespread supply shortages, disruptions to public safety or other serious consequences in the event of failure or impairment.

Critical infrastructure sectors in summary:

1. energy
2. Information technology and telecommunications
3. Transport and traffic
4. Health
5. Media and culture
6. Water
7. Nutrition
8. Finance and insurance
9. Municipal waste disposal
10. State and administration

All organizations from these sectors are considered critical infrastructures (KRITIS), regardless of their size.

Implementing battery management with WLAN enables efficient and convenient monitoring and control of battery systems.

With the HOOTS battery management system, you can access the power, current, voltage and the associated times via WLAN in the data cloud or Bluetooth and thus effectively prevent deep battery discharge.

Here are the key steps and considerations for implementing such a system:

1. Choosing a suitable battery management system (BMS) : Choose a BMS that offers Wi-Fi connectivity. Make sure it is compatible with your battery type (e.g. lead-acid, lithium-ion) and offers the necessary features such as overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, temperature monitoring and cell balancing.
2. Integration into the WiFi network : The BMS must be integrated into the existing WiFi network. This can be done through direct configuration on the device or via a companion app. Ensure the network is stable and secure to ensure continuous connectivity.
3. Installation and connection of the BMS : Install the BMS professionally in your battery system. This includes the connection to the individual battery cells, the power supply systems and, if necessary, the chargers. Specialist knowledge of electrical systems is essential here.
4. Configuration and Calibration : Configure the BMS according to your battery's specifications. Calibrate the system to ensure accurate readings.
5. Remote monitoring setup : Use an app or web interface to monitor the BMS remotely. These should display information such as the state of charge, the voltage of each cell, power consumption, temperature and other relevant data.
6. Setting alarms and notifications : Set alarms and notifications for critical conditions such as over-discharge, over-charge or high temperatures. These warnings can help you take timely action to avoid damage.
7. Data analysis and management : Leverage the BMS's data logging capabilities to analyze long-term trends. This data can be used for preventative maintenance and to optimize battery operation.
8. Regular maintenance and updates : Keep the BMS regularly maintained and software updated to take advantage of the latest features and security updates.
9. Security and privacy : Since the system is connected via WiFi, ensure that appropriate security measures are taken to prevent unauthorized access and data leakage.

Integrating WiFi into the battery management system enables comprehensive and user-friendly monitoring and control of the battery system, which is a great advantage for many applications.

Efficient electricity storage, especially in conjunction with renewable energies, requires powerful battery management systems (BMS) that maximize battery performance, safety and service life.

With the HOOTS battery management system, you can access the power, current, voltage and the associated times via WLAN in the data cloud or Bluetooth and thus effectively prevent deep battery discharge.

Here are some features and types of battery management systems typically used in efficient power storage:

1. Intelligent charging control : A good BMS should provide intelligent charging control to ensure the batteries are optimally charged. This includes avoiding overcharging and over-discharging, which can extend the life of the batteries.
2. Cell Balancing : This is important to ensure that all cells in a battery pack are charged evenly. Cell balancing prevents individual cells from being over- or under-loaded, improving the overall life of the battery pack.
3. Temperature management : Since temperature has a significant impact on battery performance and lifespan, a BMS should be able to monitor and regulate temperature.
4. State of Charge (SoC); State of Health (SoH) monitoring : These functions allow the BMS to accurately monitor the current state of charge (SoC) and state of health (SoH) of the battery, which is useful for planning maintenance and optimizing the battery Battery usage is crucial.
5. Data logging and analysis : Modern BMSs often offer data collection and analysis capabilities that help monitor the battery's performance over time and identify trends.
6. Remote monitoring and control : Many BMSs now offer the ability to remotely monitor and control, often via an app or web interface, which is particularly useful for plant operators managing multiple locations.
7. Safety features : A BMS should have built-in safety features to prevent problems such as short circuits, overcharging, or overheating.

Examples of battery management systems in various applications:

• For home storage solutions : BMS in home storage solutions, often in conjunction with solar panels, are typically smaller and designed to manage lithium-ion or lead-acid batteries.
• For Industrial and Commercial Applications : In larger commercial and industrial applications, BMSs are more complex as they manage larger battery banks and are often integrated into larger energy management systems.
• For off-grid applications : In remote or off-grid applications, such as mountain huts or remote communities, BMSs must be robust and often equipped with additional energy optimization features.

When purchasing a BMS, it is important to choose a system that is well matched to the specific battery type and application. In addition, long-term costs, reliability of the system and the technical support offered should be taken into account.

At what point does infrastructure become critical?

Infrastructure is considered critical if its risks of failure or degradation would have a significant adverse impact on national security, the economy, public health or safety, or a combination of these factors. Critical infrastructures are essential for maintaining important social functions and services.

With the HOOTS battery management system, you can access the power, current, voltage and the associated times via WLAN in the data cloud or Bluetooth and thus effectively prevent deep battery discharge.

The definition may vary depending on the country and context, but in general critical infrastructure includes the following areas:

1. Energy supply : This includes electricity generation and distribution, gas supply and oil refineries. A disruption here can have far-reaching impacts on other critical infrastructure and daily life.
2. Water supply and sanitation : These systems are critical to public health and hygiene. Impairing them could lead to health crises and environmental problems.
3. Telecommunications and information technology : These systems are critical for communications, data exchange, and support of various other critical services.
4. Transportation and logistics : This includes road, rail, air and maritime transportation systems. Their disruption can affect the movement of people and goods, which in turn can have a significant economic impact.
5. Healthcare and public health : Hospitals, emergency services, and other healthcare facilities are essential to treating illnesses and injuries and responding to health crises.
6. Financial services : These include banks, exchanges and payment systems. Their stability is crucial for the economy and trust in the financial system.
7. Food supply : This includes the production, processing and distribution of food. A disruption could lead to supply shortages and hunger crises.
8. Government and Administration : Critical government functions, including law enforcement, emergency services, and public administration, are critical to maintaining public order and safety.
9. Chemical and Hazardous Materials : Facilities that produce, store, or process hazardous materials are important because an incident here can have significant environmental and public health impacts.
   

What are the KRITIS requirements?

The requirements for KRITIS (Critical Infrastructure) vary by country and specific sector, but in general they aim to ensure the resilience, security and reliability of these essential services and facilities.

With the HOOTS battery management system, you can access the power, current, voltage and the associated times via WLAN in the data cloud or Bluetooth and thus effectively prevent deep battery discharge.

Typical requirements include:

1. Risk management : Implement a comprehensive risk management system to identify, analyze and minimize potential risks. This includes assessing threats, vulnerabilities and potential impacts.
2. Security measures : Establish robust physical and IT security measures to protect against sabotage, terrorism, cyberattacks and other threats. This includes secure networks, data encryption, access controls and surveillance systems.
3. Emergency and crisis management : Develop and regularly update emergency plans and crisis management strategies to respond to incidents and outages. This includes evacuation plans, communication strategies and recovery plans.
4. Redundancy and backup systems : Implement redundancies and backup systems for critical components and services to ensure continuity in the event of a failure. This includes emergency power supplies, data backups and alternative communication channels.
5. Regular maintenance and testing : Performing regular maintenance and testing of critical systems and security measures to ensure their functionality and efficiency.
6. Training and Awareness : Train staff on safety protocols, emergency procedures and best practices. This also includes awareness of cybersecurity and physical security.
7. Compliance and legal requirements : Compliance with national and international laws, regulations and standards relevant to critical infrastructure.
8. Collaboration and information sharing : Promote collaboration and information sharing between different authorities, organizations and private actors in the field of critical infrastructure.
9. Continuous Improvement : Establishing a process for continuous review and improvement of security measures and operational practices.
10. Cyber ​​resilience : Special attention to cyber resilience, including securing networks and information systems against cyberattacks and data theft.

These requirements are crucial to ensure the functionality, security and resilience of critical infrastructures that are fundamental to the well-being and security of society.

Remote battery monitoring with WiFi requires various components and systems to ensure effective and reliable monitoring.

With the HOOTS battery management system, you can access the power, current, voltage and the associated times via WLAN in the data cloud or Bluetooth and thus effectively prevent deep battery discharge.

Here are the main components:

1. Battery management system (BMS) : A central BMS that monitors data such as voltage, current, state of charge (SoC), state of health (SoH), temperature and possibly other parameters of each battery cell or bank.
2. WiFi communication module : This module allows the BMS to be connected to a WiFi network. It should be able to send data over the WiFi network securely and stably.
3. Data logger or gateway : A device that collects, stores and periodically transmits the data from the BMS to a remote server or cloud platform via the WiFi network.
4. Monitoring software : Data monitoring and analysis software hosted either on a local computer or in the cloud. This software visualizes battery data in real time and enables historical analysis.
5. Alarm and notification system : Built-in features in the software or BMS that trigger notifications and alarms when battery data indicates a possible problem.
6. Stable power supply : Both the BMS and the WiFi communication module require a reliable power source. This is usually the case in battery storage systems, but a backup power supply or backup system should also be considered.
7. Reliable WiFi network : A stable and secure WiFi network is crucial to ensure continuous data transfer. In remote areas or facilities, this can be challenging and may require additional network hardware such as range extenders or more powerful routers.
8. Security measures : Since sensitive data is transmitted over Wi-Fi, appropriate security measures such as encryption, strong passwords and possibly VPN connections are required to ensure data integrity and protection against unauthorized access.
9. Technical support and maintenance : Regular maintenance and technical support are important to ensure the functionality of the system and to resolve any problems quickly.

These components together enable efficient and effective remote monitoring of battery systems over Wi-Fi, which is particularly useful for applications in remote areas or for plant operators who need to monitor multiple locations.

Battery management plays a crucial role for critical infrastructure (KRITIS), which includes vital services such as electricity, water, healthcare, transportation, communications and many other areas.

With the HOOTS battery management system, you can access the power, current, voltage and the associated times via WLAN in the data cloud or Bluetooth and thus effectively prevent deep battery discharge.

Here are the top reasons why effective battery management is essential in these areas:

1. Ensuring emergency power supply : Critical infrastructure often needs to function around the clock, even during power outages. Batteries provide an immediately available backup power source to ensure continuity of services.
2. Reliability and availability : In critical applications, it is crucial that the power supply is reliable and available at all times. Good battery management ensures that the batteries are always ready for operation and their performance is maintained.
3. Maximize battery life : Batteries are costly investments, especially on a large scale. Effective battery management extends battery life by preventing overcharging, over-discharging and other harmful conditions.
4. Improve energy efficiency : Battery management systems can help increase energy efficiency by optimizing the charging and discharging of batteries. This is particularly important in systems that use renewable energy.
5. Preventive maintenance : Battery management systems can monitor the health of batteries and provide data for preventative maintenance. This allows problems to be identified and resolved before they lead to a failure.
6. Safety considerations : Batteries, especially those with high capacity, can pose safety risks, e.g. B. due to overheating or chemical leaks. A battery management system helps minimize these risks.
7. Compliance and regulatory requirements : Many areas of critical infrastructure are subject to strict regulatory requirements, which often include the reliability of the energy supply. A battery management system helps to comply with these specifications.
8. Rapid response to emergencies : In emergencies, such as natural disasters or other crises, it is crucial that critical infrastructure remains functional. Batteries can play a key role here.

In summary, battery management is essential for critical infrastructure to ensure the reliability, security and efficiency of the power supply and to ensure continuous operation under all circumstances.

Monitoring the batteries in a critical infrastructure facility (KRITIS) is crucial to ensure their reliability and functionality.

With the HOOTS battery management system, you can access the power, current, voltage and the associated times via WLAN in the data cloud or Bluetooth and thus effectively prevent deep battery discharge.

Here are the key strategies and technologies that can be used for effective monitoring:

1. Battery Management System (BMS) : A sophisticated BMS is essential to monitor the health of each battery. It provides important data such as voltage, current, state of charge (SoC), state of health (SoH), temperature and other relevant parameters.
2. Real-time condition monitoring : Real-time data monitoring makes it possible to continuously monitor the current condition of the batteries and respond immediately to problems. This is particularly important in CRITIS, where downtime can have critical impacts.
3. Remote monitoring : The ability to remotely monitor battery systems is critical in critical infrastructure. It allows operators to monitor the health of batteries from a central location, which is particularly useful in distributed or difficult-to-access locations.
4. Alarm and notification systems : The BMS should be able to trigger automatic alerts and notifications of deviations or potential problems. This allows for a quick response to prevent damage or failure.
5. Data analysis and trend monitoring : Long-term data collection and analysis help identify trends and patterns in battery behavior. These insights are useful for preventive maintenance and long-term planning.
6. Regular maintenance and testing : In addition to continuous monitoring, regular maintenance and testing procedures are required to ensure batteries are functioning properly. This includes capacity testing, impedance measurements and visual inspections.
7. Integration into the overall energy management system : The BMS should be integrated into the overall energy management system of the facility to enable holistic monitoring and control of the energy infrastructure.
8. Contingency plans and redundancies : It is important for critical infrastructure to have contingency plans and redundancies in case the primary battery system fails. This could include the use of backup batteries or other emergency power sources.
9. Safety monitoring : In addition to performance monitoring, safety aspects such as the risk of overheating, leaks, or other hazards should be monitored.

By implementing these monitoring strategies, KRITIS facility operators can ensure the reliability of their battery systems, which is essential to maintaining the operational readiness and security of their critical services.

Remote monitoring of batteries in lifts and mountain huts in the Alpine region can be enabled by a well-designed system specifically tailored to the challenges of these remote and often harsh environments.

With the HOOTS battery management system, you can access the power, current, voltage and the associated times via WLAN in the data cloud or Bluetooth and thus effectively prevent deep battery discharge.

Here are the key components and considerations for such a system:

1. Battery management system (BMS) with remote capabilities : A key element is a BMS equipped with remote monitoring capabilities. This system should be able to measure and monitor critical battery data such as voltage, current, state of charge and temperature.
2. Communication technology : Reliable communication technology is required for remote monitoring. In the Alps this can be challenging as traditional mobile or internet connections may not be available everywhere. Alternatives such as satellite communication, long-distance WiFi or wireless networks can be used.
3. Self-sufficient power supply : Consider the need for self-sufficient power supply, especially in remote mountain huts. Combinations of solar panels, wind turbines and battery storage can be a solution for this.
4. Robust hardware : Battery management and communications hardware must be robust enough to withstand extreme weather conditions such as cold, snow and wind.
5. Data transfer and storage : The system should be able to efficiently transfer and store the collected data so that it is accessible for analysis and reporting.
6. User-friendly interface : A user-friendly interface (e.g. a web platform or mobile app) allows operators to easily monitor and analyze the data.
7. Alerting and emergency response : The system should be able to send automatic alerts of critical battery conditions for rapid response.
8. Scalability and flexibility : The system should be flexible and scalable to adapt to different sizes and requirements of the facilities.
9. Maintenance and Support : Regular maintenance and reliable technical support are important to ensure system longevity and reliability.

By integrating these elements, effective and reliable remote monitoring of battery systems in lift systems and mountain huts in the Alpine region can be realized, resulting in improved operational efficiency, safety and cost savings.

A battery management and monitoring system is of great benefit to ski and lift facilities as well as mountain huts as it improves the reliability and efficiency of the energy supply in these often remote and energy-intensive environments.

With the HOOTS battery management system, you can access the power, current, voltage and the associated times via WLAN in the data cloud or Bluetooth and thus effectively prevent deep battery discharge.

Here are some key benefits:

1. Reliable energy supply : Ski and lift facilities as well as mountain huts often rely on a stable energy supply to ensure their operability. A battery management system ensures that the batteries are charged and used efficiently, increasing the reliability of the power supply.
2. Backup power supply : In cases of power outages or insufficient supply from the electrical grid, batteries can serve as a backup power source. The battery management system ensures that the batteries are ready for use in an emergency.
3. Optimizing battery life : By monitoring factors such as state of charge, voltage and temperature, the battery management system helps keep batteries in optimal condition, extending their lifespan and reducing maintenance costs.
4. Energy efficiency : For ski and lift facilities as well as mountain huts that may use renewable energy sources such as solar panels, battery management enables efficient storage and use of the energy produced.
5. Preventative maintenance : Continuously monitoring battery conditions allows problems to be identified early and addressed before they lead to major failures.
6. Improved safety : A battery management system can detect potential safety risks such as overheating or overcharging of batteries and issue appropriate warnings.
7. Remote monitoring and control : Particularly in remote areas, as is often the case with ski and lift facilities and mountain huts, remote monitoring and control via a battery management system allows energy supply to be managed efficiently without the need for constant physical inspections.
8. Cost savings : Extending battery life and optimizing energy consumption can save significant costs in the long term.

Overall, a battery management and monitoring system contributes significantly to improving operational efficiency, reliability and safety in energy-intensive and often isolated environments such as ski and lift facilities and mountain huts.

Remote monitoring of batteries for backup generators in mountain huts and critical infrastructure via Wi-Fi involves implementing a system that allows continuous monitoring and management of battery performance remotely.

With the HOOTS battery management system, you can access the power, current, voltage and the associated times via WLAN in the data cloud or Bluetooth and thus effectively prevent deep battery discharge.

Here are the essential steps and components for such a system:

Implementation steps

1. Choosing a suitable battery management system (BMS) : Choose a BMS that is specifically designed to monitor and manage the types of batteries used in your backup generators.
2. Integration into the WiFi network : The BMS must be equipped with a WiFi module that enables connection to an existing WiFi network. In remote areas such as mountain huts, this can be challenging and may require additional solutions such as satellite WiFi or long-range WiFi.
3. Sensors and Modules Installation : Install sensors and modules connected to the BMS to monitor critical battery parameters such as voltage, current, state of charge and temperature.
4. Set up a remote monitoring platform : Use a cloud-based platform or specialized software that allows you to monitor and analyze battery data remotely.
5. Alerts and notifications configuration : Set the system to send automatic alerts and notifications for critical battery conditions or maintenance needs.

Important components

1. Battery management system : The core of the monitoring system that monitors and controls battery performance.
2. WiFi communication module : Allows battery data to be transmitted wirelessly to the remote monitoring platform.
3. Sensors and measuring devices : For collecting data such as voltage, current, temperature and state of charge.
4. Remote monitoring software : A platform that allows users to view, analyze and manage battery data.
5. Backup communication channels : In remote areas, alternative communication channels such as satellite connections should be considered in case Wi-Fi fails.

Advantages

• Early problem detection : Detect battery problems before they lead to failures.
• Battery life optimization : Maintenance and charging cycles can be optimized through monitoring and analysis.
• Increased safety : Avoidance of risks such as overcharging and deep discharging.
• Convenience : Allows you to monitor remotely, which is particularly useful in remote or hard-to-reach areas.

The implementation of such a system contributes significantly to improving the reliability and efficiency of emergency power supply in mountain huts and critical infrastructure

A WLAN battery management system can protect and support mountain stations, machine houses of lift systems, medical emergency facilities and mountain rescue services in a variety of ways.

With the HOOTS battery management system, you can access the power, current, voltage and the associated times via WLAN in the data cloud or Bluetooth and thus effectively prevent deep battery discharge.

Here are some key aspects of how such a system can help protect and increase efficiency:

For mountain stations and machine houses of lift systems

1. Emergency power supply : WLAN battery management systems ensure that the batteries for emergency power supplies are always optimally charged and ready for use. This is crucial to maintaining the functionality of lifts and other critical systems during power outages.
2. Remote monitoring : Remote monitoring allows operators to monitor the health of batteries remotely. This is particularly useful in remote or difficult to access hill stations.
3. Preventive maintenance : Continuously monitoring battery health allows problems to be identified early and maintenance to be scheduled before failures occur.

For medical emergency facilities and mountain rescue services

1. Reliable power supply for medical devices : In emergency medical facilities, a reliable power supply for life-saving devices is essential. A battery management system ensures that the batteries for such devices are always ready for use.
2. Alarming for critical battery conditions : Automatic alarms and notifications immediately inform staff about critical battery conditions, such as deep discharge or necessary maintenance.
3. Energy efficiency and optimization : The system can help optimize energy consumption, which is particularly important in remote areas where energy sources may be limited.

General benefits

1. Data recording and analysis : Long-term data recording makes it possible to analyze usage patterns and improve efficiency.
2. Improved safety : Early warnings of issues such as overcharging or overheating help reduce safety risks.
3. Cost savings : Optimizing battery life and reducing maintenance can save money in the long term.
4. Environmental Impact : More efficient battery usage reduces the need for frequent battery replacement, thereby contributing to environmental protection.

A WiFi battery management system is therefore a crucial tool to ensure the reliability and security of the energy supply in critical areas such as mountain stations, lifts, emergency medical facilities and mountain rescue services.